The causes and symptoms of varicose veins of the lower limbs

Varicose veins, where many of the sites cover the surface of the feet, is not only a cosmetic defect, but also a serious pathological. Ignoring the first symptoms of varicose veins, the person is likely fast enough to feel the discomfort of the disease. With time, the signals become more obvious, and the time limits imposed preventive measures cease to bring relief. If the first manifestations of the pathology can eliminate conservative, in any way, in its last step, it is often necessary to resort to surgery.

The definition and characteristics of the development

Under varicose veins of the lower limbs requires long-lasting changes in the width of these entities, caused by a violation of the process of the circulation of the blood due to the improper functioning of the valves of the veins. Not so easy, it is visually noticeable bulging veins above the surface of the skin of the feet due to stretching of their walls and the filling of the cavities of blood. This may be caused genetically (a particular type of structure of vessels) or occur under the influence of the factors leading to the deterioration of the valve of the device.

According to statistics, spider veins of the degrees of severity of the encounter of 15% of the population of the planet. In the elderly over 70 years of age, the disease is found in 70% of cases. Women are subject to a disease more than men, because of the characteristics of the structure of the body. Among them, the symptoms of the condition are celebrated at 5 times more often. If the disease is detected at an early stage, it can be fought with success. Execution of steps, often, spend in thrombophlebitis (inflammation of the lining of the veins and occlusion of their thinning thrombus) that is primarily treated by surgery.

The stage of the disease and characteristic symptoms

With the development of varicose veins usually affect the superficial veins of the legs, deeply located blood vessels in the disease process are included very rarely. The evolution of the disease may take decades, bringing significant changes in the state of the patient.

For the clinic, speaking on the development of varicose veins, characterized by the following symptoms:

• The appearance of heaviness in the lower limbs on the background of fatigue.
• On the skin of the legs form the veins, represented by capillaries.
• Caviar if the "bursting" of the interior.
• Tenderness in the tissues of the extremities, uncomfortable burning sensation.
• With time, join the night cramps, chronic swelling of the feet and calves.
• Varicose veins, which is visible to the naked eye. The training kinky and bulging above the surface of the skin, vessels, large venous nodes.
• The acute pain in the legs, even after a short walk.
• The appearance of blemishes, or cyanosis of the piderme.

These symptoms of varicose veins are particularly pronounced in the hot weather, in the evening, even if the legs are not accounted for, serious charge. Stable modification of the usual colouring of fabrics, reflects the transition process in the chronic phase. The lack of treatment in this case, is fraught with the appearance of venous ulcers.

The development of pathology includes the following phases:

1. The initial phase (period of compensation) appear already the first characteristic signs of varicose veins in the form of spider veins. The complaint of the absence.
2. The second phase is indicated by the appearance of extensive varicose veins visible on the bottom of the swelling of the feet and nightclubs of the pain.
3. The third phase (period subcompensation) is different from strengthening the severity of symptoms. The skin is bad, there are night cramps, muscles "break", the legs get tired quickly.
4. The fourth phase (the period of decompensation) it is possible to determine a pronounced and persistent swelling, pain and itching in the tissue, regular, seizures, a strong evolution of the width of the blood vessels. May show signs of venous ulcers and thrombophlebitis.

The gradual progression of varicose veins is not only a book that a lot of unpleasant moments and changes the mode of life habitual, but dangerous and serious consequences. When the thrombosis of the vessels risk of tearing of a blood clot followed by an obstruction of the lumen of the pulmonary artery. The violation of the integrity of swollen veins is accompanied by a profuse hemorrhage, which is impossible to stop without the help of a specialist.

The primary and secondary causes of the pathology

The first signs of varicose veins occur because of a decrease of the elasticity of the vascular walls. They stretch under the pressure of the blood, which gives a reverse current due to the reduction of the function of the valve. On the background of the development of venous insufficiency begins with the inflammation. This comes from the fact that leukocytes, which must be distributed in the organs and systems that are stuck in the "nodes", located on the route of the vein. The result is the formation of venous ulcers on the leg.

The main causes of these processes can be divided into three categories:

1. The problems of coagulation of blood. Excessive thickening of the liquid connective tissue can occur on the bottom of the disturbance to natural hormones (to a dysfunction of the glands) or type (taking contraceptives, hormonal drugs). The spider veins on the background of blood clots are often observed in certain irregularities of heart rhythm. The weakening of the heart muscle can not cope with the work, and the liquid begins to flow through the vessels are slower, which affects its consistency.
2. The consequences of the violation of the integrity of the vascular wall. The thinning of the vein wall as a result of disease autoimmune causes a fast or slow destruction. No less dangerous consequences of leg injuries (cuts, bullets and knife stabs, bites), leading to the healing of the vascular wall. Connective tissue of the education impede the flow of blood, which affects the tissues, causing their extension.
3. Pathological pressure of tissues nearby. Regular the formation of edema leads to a reduction of the space and filled in by the lymph. Thus appear to be areas of high pressure on the blood vessels. A result of the shortage of oxygen and nutrients begins with the death of the tissue, which can lead to the appearance of venous ulcers. This scenario is considered the most dangerous and requires an intervention from the first, even the subjective symptoms of varicose veins of the legs.

On the basis of the mechanism of development of the disease, varicose veins, occurs generally under the impact of the following factors:

• Congenital under-development valves of the unit or of the vascular wall, the genetic predisposition to obstruction of the veins of the lower limbs.
• Tumors of the legs and of the abdomen, fistula on the vessels.
• The presence of a history of endocrine diseases, thrombophlebitis, injury to the lower limbs, rheumatoid arthritis, or osteoporosis.
• Diseases of the lung and constipation. These conditions lead to an increase in intra-abdominal pressure, which triggers the symptoms of the disorder.
• The stagnation of fluid and blood in the lower limbs due to inactivity. Negative Point is the inverse of the state – the presence of the constant on the legs, for example, due to the characteristics of the profession.
• Obesity, and at any stage.
• The violation of fundamental principles of nutrition. On the elasticity and the resistance of the walls of the veins of the legs and significant effects of fat and calories in the food, lack of fibre in the diet.
• Smoking and alcohol consumption. Under the action of the first harmful dependencies occurs in the narrowing of the blood vessels, which is even stronger slowing of the blood stream. The alcohol is the same launches the process of tissue destruction.
• Wearing tight clothes leads to the pressure vessels of the legs and high-heeled shoes inhibits natural flow of blood and fluid.

Appeared the symptoms of varicose veins are the signal required the evaluation of the power supply, the mode of action, the motor activity and general state. The identification of the triggering factors of the problem, and their removal is mandatory for effective treatment.

Effective methods of prevention of the state

The experts distinguish a number of activities that may prevent a change of the vessels of the legs. They include:

1. The record in the active lifestyle is a compulsory sport of the slope. Maximum efficiency in this plan are swimming and cycling.
2. When the sedentary job, you need all of the 45 to 60 minutes to arrange training of the lower limbs and trunk.
3. When the' – a measure of the fatigue of the muscles of the legs, it is recommended to regularly give them a vacation, placing on the heights relatively low to the body.
4. Obesity rarely, without varicose veins, it is thus necessary to properly monitor his weight.
5. Don't mistake a hot bath, steam room, sauna.
6. At least once per year is necessary to consult a doctor.

If you suspect that on the development of the varicose disease is better to go to the doctor and get advice, and not to delay the time, applying the profile of the tool without a diagnosis.