The causes, the symptoms and complications of varicose veins

Varicose veins – it is the distension of priphriques veins under the skin, most often on the surface of the muscles of the legs, the veins take the form of swollen and very winding, blue color. At the same time form nodes and valves, the device is destroyed. The reflux of blood in the veins can not go in the standard. When the flap valves are closed – the problems begin. The blood may not move as expected in the climb. The veins due to the stagnation of the blood pressure.

When it is high because of him that the blood is pushed to, and of its surplus dilate the walls of veins, which are different depending on the thickness. The vessels are stretched. Their edges are folded to the skin and become visible. Because of this, are trained as characteristic of the "spider's web" (vascular of the screen). If the container is visible through the layer of the epidermis, so it is weakened. The thickness of the vein, the more blue color. Are created of nodules, which are visible on the legs.

This disease is quite known since ancient times. The archaeologists encountered the first mention about it in the texts of the laws on medicine, which have been created in the country. In the hands of the egyptian pharaohs were bandages, to help you to the prevention of the disease. The processing means even tried to open of specialists in medicine, Hippocrates, Paracelsus and Avicenna.

This pathology is very frequent. She suffers each fourth inhabitant of the planet. Among the main factors of development – the lack of development of the connective tissue. For the development of varicose veins are necessary predisposing factors. This in part explains why, among the visitors phlebologist a lot of women. In their body the restructuring of the hormones flowing particularly active.

It is important to take care of the condition of the vein. They bring a lot of anxiety, from ugly types of feet. It is a great threat to the health and even life. When this disease reaches the running state, start its complications. In the meantime, if you consult the doctors in time of sickness, it is easy to get rid of. If the time for a treatment, an operation is not necessary. This is the best way to do the veins have disappeared of themselves, with a normal appearance.

According to statistics, varicose veins, suffer from 18% to 20% of the population and almost 50 % of patients in the initial phase do not even suspect that seriously ill. Most often this disease women suffer from.

The reasons of varicose veins

Causes of varicose veins can be prolonged, the time of maintaining in a standing position, obesity, pregnancy, the long-wearing bottom or socks with the elastic stretched, as well as the congenital weakness of the connective tissue. The above applies to the primary cause of the evolution of the disease.

Spider veins are formed when a bad course of blood in the veins. Researchers have studied the causes of the onset of this disease, is not inherent to other species living in such an extent that it affects the people. Among installed reasons:

• Stand. The researchers said the disease of the lower limbs is unnecessary pressure on them the body. The post blood lasts up to the heart muscle. Are particularly vulnerable: those who spend on the feet lots of time.
• The predisposition of the implementation of the genetically. Most people of this disease is a factor transmitted by the parents. The statistics in this very simple case in children whose parents have suffered from this disease, the likelihood of getting varicose veins increases up to 70%. But this risk can be avoided, if you do not create factors. The inheritance of varicose veins is often manifested at a young age.
• The nature of the work, the standard image of life. With a lack of mobility of professions, a certain level of risk. The doctors have proposed to use the term "computer varicose veins".
• Violations of the endocrine system and the hormonal system. Due to the characteristics of the body in women, the periods of hormonal disorders are the cause of the stagnation of the blood. For them are the most dangerous periods, puberty, pregnancy, after birth. It is also a dangerous time, when it is the menopause. The sex categories of patients address to doctors 2-3 times more often. Of women in the bodies is not enough of hormones, which are called estrogen. Instead, the predominant so-called hormone of the corpus luteum. It is believed that it has on the muscles a relaxing effect. This contributes to the enlargement of the veins.
• The obstacles in the outputs of the blood in the veins. They appear as purely mechanical, the education of a blood clot, the uterus, the tumor.
• Stress and nervous disorders have an impact on the condition of the blood vessels. In the wall of the veins of the nerve endings that give them elasticity. During a pressure increase, the impact of toxins of the alcohol of the lumen of the blood vessel loses its tone and expansion.
• Arterial-venous crossings. May form due to the pressure in the area of flow the arterial blood cells.
• The so-called muscle pump is in the calf muscles, and they are constantly in need of enable. It is very important to monitor the state of health, preventing long diseases, cough and heart attack.

The factors contributing to the development of varicose veins, you can overcome, by ensuring their health.

The symptoms of varicose veins

In order not to miss the beginning of the disease, it is necessary to know the early symptoms of varicose veins and have the time to take the right steps.

The main symptoms of varicose veins are:

• The onset of pain in the legs, sensation of heat, and sometimes a burning sensation in the veins of the legs;
• Heaviness in the legs;
• In the evening appear swelling of the legs;
• The night begins cramps in the legs;
• Dilated veins;
• The skin of the tibia acquires a dark color, appear to be sealing, there may be ulcers trophic.

You can also indicate the symptoms of varicose veins:

• Are the demonstrations that cover only a area of the fossa popliteal, and at the back of the surface of the leg. When the skin is thick, such as when the excess body hair of the feet, manifests itself less.
• Easily detectable – the dead of vienna during palpation appear to be wavy.
• If the patient is to ask, by lifting the feet – the mesh disappears, and in a vertical position – with thickening.
• Felt a kind of heaviness in the legs, pain, brutal nature, seizures. Often, the patient complained of a burning sensation. In particular, the events worsen in the evening, or after prolonged standing.
• The feet may also swell, particularly in the area of soft tissue. They also occur in the ankles, in the lower regions of the shins.

It is one of the main symptoms of varicose veins. They become worse, if not treat the disease in time. Changes in trophic apply on the skin of the legs and feet. The epidermis becomes dry, the blue of the shade, easy to swelling. Due to the progression of varicose veins are observed:

• Pigmentation.
• Indurate (seals).
• Ulcers trophic.
• A poor nutrition of the skin.

If you receive a third of the symptoms of varicose veins, such as the temperature or weak – therefore, the disease is passed at the stage of complications. There are quite a few symptoms such as bleeding in the rupture of the nodes. They appear most often at night.

Complications of varicose veins

Complications of varicose veins take the form of painful. They are easy to learn about the events:

• The acute phase of thrombophlebitis superficial veins.
• Ulcer trophic.
• Phlebothrombosis.
• The bleeding varices nodes.

Thrombophlebitis acute has the following differences:

• the redness
• tenderness
• significant leak under the driveway of the subcutaneously located blood vessels.

Forming of blood clots may enter the current in favour of a process, and then, on the background of the current treatments, they organize themselves (germinate connective tissue), and then reabsorbed. Thanks to this process that starts the container. Thinning can also be blocked completely. Because of this risk, clearing and sclerosing affected vienna.

During the progression of the disease-producing factors associated with other diseases. After him, it gets to the next stage of the disease. It covers the system of deep veins, begins the disease of the pulmonary artery. When the reluctance to treat is possible occlusion of the vessels of the member, when the flow of blood stops and begins to gangrene.

Chronic venous insufficiency

The development goes through several stages. The initials are considered a minimum of changes in hemodynamics, which is formed at the horizontal aiming veno-venous reflux. Simultaneously valves the communicating vessels begin to suffer from the insufficiency and the disease enters the area of the passages of the saphenous veins, spreading the deepest of them.

There are four steps that are specific to chronic venous insufficiency:

• Zero, of clinical symptoms. The oedema are expressed very little, as visible ectasia superficial veins.
• The first, characterized a significant dilation of the vessels of the lower limbs. Venous no violations.
• The second obvious growth of the vein. Form the characteristics of the nodes, substantially constant syndrome of edema, areas of hyperpigmentation, lesions, eczema, ulcers trophic. If we proceed with an ULTRASOUND of the research, you can determine the valve of the vascular insufficiency of different types of sensors - surface and in-depth.
• The third, in which the symptoms listed above are supplemented a continuing view of trophic disorders, which do not benefit from conservative treatment.

Of chronic venous insufficiency stand out among its symptoms:

• itching,
• the pain
• cramps at night in the extremities,
• swelling,
• the stagnation of education in the soft tissues
• can wounds.

This pathology is specific to a certain syndrome of the pain it amplified when the patient understands the lower limbs in a forced position type, because of the elastic compression, on a not of a senator. It happens to the edema, which proves that the depth of the vein surprised.

If amazed of are only the surface of the vases – can diagnose transient swelling of the ankles, based on the vertical position. The lower limbs are in a state of discomfort, due to chronic venous insufficiency does not give the opportunity to carry out an activity. Physical activity reduces visibly, patients experience emotional tensions malfunctions, lost, feelings of anxiety.

A decrease in performance also leads to consequences. Because of them suffer from self-esteem and social activity. It is important to the time to apply to medicine, in particular to the doctor.

Thrombophlebitis of the superficial veins

The essence of the pathology in forming of the heap to plug a gap in the subcutaneously located blood vessels. Simultaneously develops an inflammation of the vein wall aseptic type. The viscosity of the blood increases, venous reflux difficult.

The place of localization of disease are often lower third of the thigh, may be the upper third of the leg. Theoretically, this disease is subject to each area of the body. Especially of the disease is exposed to a large subcutaneous vienna with the crowds (95%). On the small – represent only 5% of cases.

The specialists easy to install the disease, because the clinical manifestations of phlebitis superficial veins are bright enough. Classic symptomatology following:

• hyperemia (redness) on varicose veins as amended from vienna,
• expressed tenderness,
• well-being is not significantly changed (low-grade fever, weakness),
• if every time you hit the ship, you can set the tightness of the soft tissue,
• the local hyperthermia.

With the development of pathology, it covers more and more veins. 10% of these cases have led to the defeat of the blood vessels. Can develop a pulmonary embolism.

The diagnosis of thrombophlebitis of this type takes place on several stages:

• Determined the exact location of the top of a new blood clot.
• Identifies the scope and characteristics of pathological changes.
• The definition of the risk of developing complications that are dangerous to the life, with the help of the ultrasound of the vessels on the basis of the color mapping of blood flow.
• The definition of thrombosis, during the visualization of the inferior vena cava and the iliac vessels of a special study.
• Prepared patients are radiopaque venography.
• The analysis of blood, which in the standard case told moderate leukocytosis, the increase of the speed of sedimentation of red blood cells, increasing the concentration of fibrinogen and reactive varieties of proteins.
• The Coagulation towards hypercoagulability.

For the treatment of thrombophlebitis superficial veins unacceptable procrastination. When the first characteristic symptoms, immediately turn to the specialists. This vascular pathology in the acute form, it requires a hospitalization in a hospital emergency operational intervention.

You need to determine the best engine mode, to calculate the formula of the compression therapy. The operation is needed only in some cases – for example, when the ascending varieties of thrombophlebitis the basis of the saphenous vein the great vein, when the tip is located at the top of the middle third of the thigh.